CELLULAR RESPIRATION OVERVIEW

Cellular Respiration is the process by which animal cells use OXYGEN to release energy from the nutrients we eat.

Anaerobic Respiration Does not require oxygen Occurs in cytoplasm of cell Starting Product GLUCOSE (6-Carbons) is split into End product: two pyruvic acid/pyruvate molecules (2 x 3carbons) These steps are called “glycolysis”. 2 ATPs are released

Aerobic Respiration Requires oxygen Occurs in mitochondria of cells Starting Product: Two pyruvic acid/pyruvate molecules End products: carbon dioxide, water and 36 ATPs are released

Please note that cellular respiration involves several steps, each required by a different enzyme.

The coenzymes, NADH and FADH₂, are required for many of the steps in cellular respiration.

In the absence of oxygen, fermentation of pyruvic acid occurs, producing lactic acid in animal cells. Accumulation of lactic acid results is muscle soreness and fatigue.

Please note that all organic macromolecules, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids can enter at some point of CR and release ATP.