CHAPTER 14: BLOOD OBJECTIVES
1. Describe blood according to its tissue
type and major functions.
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TISSUE TYPE? |
MAJOR FUNCTIONS |
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2. Define the term hematology. __________________________________________
3. Name the average volume of blood in a
human. ___________________________
4. Name the two major components of blood
and the percentage of each by weight.
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MAJOR BLOOD COMPONENT |
% BY WEIGHT |
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5. Give the common and scientific name for
the three types of blood cells, and describe each in terms of their circulating
concentration in a normal individual, overall function, and key
characteristics.
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Major Blood
Cell Type |
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Scientific
Name |
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Circulating
Concentration/ mm3
blood |
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General
Function |
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Key
Characteristics |
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6. Explain why a mature erythrocyte lacks
a nucleus.
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7. Explain why red blood cells have a
relatively short life span.
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8. Discuss where erythropoiesis
occurs in adults and fetuses, and what other factors are needed for red cell
production.
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SITE
OF ERYTHROPOIESIS |
FACTORS
NEEDED FOR RBC PRODUCTION |
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ADULT FETUS |
1 2 3 |
9. Outline the negative feedback loop
involving the hormone erythropoietin.
10. Explain why the solid portion of blood,
formed elements, packed cell volume, or hematocrit
are all composed of approximately 99% erythrocytes.
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11. Distinguish between granulocytes and agranulocytes, name the leukocytes in each category, list
the specific function for each cell type, and identify each in the photos
below.
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GRANULOCYTES |
INCLUDE: 1 2 3 |
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AGRANULOCYTES |
INCLUDE 1 2 |
White Blood Cell Summary Table
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Specific WBC |
Function/ Event of
Increase? |
Differential % |
Typical Sketch |
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12. Name the process by which a
leukocyte leaves the blood stream and enters a tissue (Is this normal?).
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13. Name the primitive bone marrow cell from
which all blood cells arise.
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14. List the components transported in blood
plasma.
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15. Outline and explain the three steps
involved in hemostasis.
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16. Name the hormone that platelets within a
platelet plug release that causes further vasoconstriction of a vessel.
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17. Describe the final step in blood coagulation.
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18. Name the natural anticoagulant released
by basophils and mast cells.
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19. Define the term agglutination.
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20. Discuss blood typing (A, B, AB, O) and transfusions in terms of the following:
a. the
antigen present on a person's (recipient's) erythrocytes
b. the
antibodies within the person's (recipient's) plasma
c. compatible
donor types
d. incompatible
donor types.
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BLOOD
TYPE |
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ANTIGEN
ON RBC |
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ANTIBODIES
IN PLASMA |
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COMPATIBLE DONORS |
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INCOMPATIBLE
DONORS |
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GENOTYPE |
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PHENOTYPE |
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21. Identify the blood type considered the
universal donor and the blood type considered the universal recipient.
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universal donor |
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universal recipient |
22. Discuss what is meant by Rh incompatibility and its consequences.
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